Sengpielaudio Calculations

Sengpielaudio pairs audio/acoustics calculators with explanations of quantities and references. Its voltage converter accepts a dBu level, dBV level or RMS volts and calculates the other forms; the references are approximately 0.7746 V for 0 dBu and exactly 1 V for 0 dBV. The related RMS/peak/peak-to-peak table uses sinusoidal voltages, so its crest-factor conversions should keep that assumption. A separate dBm section needs load impedance to relate power to voltage. The page also explains that dBFS has no universal fixed mapping to an analogue level; use the actual equipment calibration. Sound-pressure, intensity and room-mode tools are separate relationships rather than interchangeable decibel measures.